In collaboration with the Gertner Institute of the Chaim Sheba Medical Centre and the Sackler School of Medicine in Israel, NCI is exploring the genetic susceptibility of radiation-associated meningioma (RAM). Although multiple genes and pathways are known to be differentially-expressed or somatically-mutated in meningioma, no germline mutations (other than in NF2) have been identified. Investigators hypothesize that predisposition to RAM arises from coding variants in DNA repair or cell-cycle genes; the mutations and genes may be unique for each family, but likely lie in well-established pathways associated with meningioma pathogenesis. To test this hypothesis, NCI will use specimens from an Israeli cohort study (the Tinea Capitis Study) to exome sequence irradiated siblings with and without RAM.