Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the most common leukemia in the United States and Europe, presents unique challenges for the future. The incidence of this disease continues to increase as vulnerable target populations grow, while available chemoimmunotherapy remains excessively toxic in most patients and is still inadequate for younger patients with abnormalities in chromosomes 17p and 11q, and for those lacking mutations in their IgVH sequence. The CLL Moonshot award to Dr. Michael Keating and his team at MDACC is intended to speed the translation of emerging therapies and novel biological insights into clinically feasible strategies against CLL. The goal of this Sister Institution Network Fund application is to enhance collaboration between MDACC investigators and those at Imperial College, London, and the Karolinska Institute, Sweden, to logically expand the focus of a current CLL Moonshot project (‘Evaluate the safety and antileukemic efficacy of infusing ex vivo expanded cord blood (CB)-derived natural killer (NK) cells into patients with CLL after double cord blood transplantation’, protocol 2011-0493).