The major goals of this project are to: (1) characterize the interactions between vIL-6 and ER proteins calnexin and VKORC1 variant-2; (2) define the mechanisms of ER-localized pro-proliferative/survival signaling by vIL-6; (3) determine the mechanisms of replication- and Rta-suppressive effects of vIL-6 and other activities of vIL-6 during lytic replication.